Đề cương ôn tập HK2 môn Tiếng Anh 10 năm 2021-2022

TYPE 1: Điều kiện có thể xảy ra

If clause	Main clause
S + Vo / Vs/es        Be ( is, am, are)	S + will/shall/can/must/have to/has to/ought to/may + Vo

EX: If it doesn’t rain, we will go to the beach.

       If someone phones me, tell them to leave a message.

TYPE 2: Điều kiện không thật ở hiện tại

If clause	Main clause
S + V2/ed      To be: Were / weren’t	S + would/could/should/might + Vo

EX: If it didn’t rain now, we would go to the beach.(e.g It is now raining outside.)

       If I were you, I wouldn’t buy that expensive bicycle.

TYPE 3: Điều kiện không thật ở quá khứ

If clause	Main clause
S + HAD + V3/ED	S + would have/could have/might +  have + V3/ed

EX: If it hadn’t rained yesterday, we would have gone to the beach. (e.g It rained heavily yesterday.)

If I had known she was ill yesterday, I would have come to visit her. (e.g You didn’t know she was ill yesterday.)

If he had worked harder, he could have passed the exams. (e.g he didn’t work hard.)

If we had brought a map with us, we mightn’t have got lost. (e.g You didn’t bring a map with you)

S + SHOULD + Vo (KĐ)

2. SHOULD (nên; đáng lẽ nên) cho lời khuyên                 

S + SHOULD + Not + Vo (PĐ)                                                                                              

S + SHOULD + S + Vo? (NV)

Ex: You should / should not arrive late

Công thức chung:

S + V + O

⇒ S + BE  + V3 /-ed ….  by + O.  (chia theo thì cuûa caâu chuû ñoäng)

Ex: - She usually takes my car.

→ My car is usually taken by her.

- He has sent his son to another school.

→ His son has been sent to another school.

b. Active ⇒ passive:

	Thì	Chủ động	Bị động
1	Hiện tại đơn	V1/s,es + O	am / is / are + V3/ed + by+O
2	Quá khứ đơn	V2/ed + O	was / were   + V3/ed +by+O
3	Hiện tại tiếp diễn	am/ is / are + Ving + O	am/ is /are + being + V3/ed + by+O
4	Quá khứ tiếp diễn	was / were + Ving + O	was / were + being + V3/ed + by+O
5	Hiện tại hoàn thành	has  / have + V3/ed+ O	has / have + been + V3/ed + by+O
6	Quá khứ hoàn thành	had + v3/ed + O	had + been + v3/ed + by+O
7	Tuong lai	will + V0 + O	will /        +  be + V3/ed + by+O            (Nguyên mẫu)
8	Động từ khiếm khuyết	be going to / would/may /  might must   + Vo+ O can / could	be going to / would/may / might must + be + V3/ed + by+O can / could (Nguyên mẫu)

- Cách dùng mạo từ không xác định "a" và "an"

Trong bài này chúng ta chỉ học Dùng a hoặc an trước một danh từ số ít đếm được. Chúng có nghĩa là một. Chúng được dùng trong câu có tính khái quát hoặc đề cập đến một chủ thể lần đầ tiên.

A ball is round. (nghĩa chung, khái quát, chỉ tất cả các quả bóng)

I saw a boy in the street. (chúng ta không biết cậu bé nào, chưa được đề cập trước đó)

Mạo  từ an được dùng trước từ bắt đầu bằng nguyên âm (trong cách phát âm, chứ không phải trong cách viết). Bao gồm:

- Các từ bắt đầu bằng các nguyên âm u, a, e, i, o: an aircraft, an empty glass, an object ( ngoại trừ uni, euro và môn học)

- Một số từ bắt đầu bằng h câm Ex: An hour, an honey moon, an heir…

- Các từ mở đầu bằng một chữ viết tắt: an S.O.S/an M.P

Cách dùng mạo từ xác định "The”

Dùng the trước một danh từ đã được xác định cụ thể duy nhất và đã được đề cập đến trước đó lần 2 trở lên.

EX:  I saw a boy in the street after that the boy comes to my friend.

        The earth is round. (Chỉ có một trái đất, ai cũng biết.)

- WILL (Simple Future thì tương lai):

S + WILL+ Vo

Ex: we will mend this car.

Ngày nay ngữ pháp chấp nhận việc dùng will cho tất cả các ngôi, còn shall chỉ dùng với các ngôi I, we trong một số trường hợp như sau: Đưa ra đề nghị một cách lịch sự: (Shall I take you coat?), dùng để mời người khác một cách lịch sự: (Shall we go out for lunch?)

- Near Future (tương lai gần): be going to

S + IS/AM/ ARE+ GOING TO + Vo

Ex: We are going to have a reception

Diễn đạt một hành động sẽ xảy ra trong tương lai gần, thường dùng với các phó từ dưới dạng: In a moment (lát nữa), at 2 o'clock this afternoon....

Nó chỉ 1 việc chắc chắn sẽ phải xảy ra theo như dự tính cho dù thời gian là tương lai xa.

EX: We are going to take a TOEFL test next year.

- So sánh giữa “WILL” VÀ “BE GOING TO”

Giống nhau: Cả hai đều xãy ra ở Tương Lai

Khác nhau:

+ WILL việc có thể xãy ra hoặc không, quyết định việc lúc đang nói, ex: this chair is broken, will you mend it?

+ WILL Đề nghị, hoặc từ chối, đồng ý, hứa làm việc gì đó, mời mọc, dùng cho câu điều kiện loại 1

EX:  I will lend you money (hứa), will you have acup of tea? (mời)…..

+BE GIONG TO: nói dự định chắc chắn trong tương lai, kế hoạch chắ xãy ra

- Mệnh đề xác định

Không dùng dấu phẩy trước và sau mệnh đề quan hệ xác định, Có thể dùng that thay thế cho who, whom và which

Ex: He works at Heathrow Airport that is one of the biggest airports in the world.

- Mệnh đề không xác định

Dùng dấu phẩy trước và sau mệnh đề quan hệ, không dùng That thay thế cho who và which

Ex.  Da Lat, where is located on High Land, is famous for mild climate (where is located on High Land chỉ là thông tin phụ nế không co thì câu này vẫn có ý nghĩa)

ALTHOUGH/EVEN THOUGH/THOUGH (mặc dù) (although vs. in spite of – because vs. because of)

Although/ though/ even though/ much as + mệnh đề

Despite / in spite of + cụm danh từ

VOCABULARY AND GRAMMAR

Vocabulary: Choose the best answer among A, B, C or D that best completes each sentence.

1. Since the appearance of electronic devices, lessons have become more and more _____ and effective.

A. enjoyable

B. disruptive

C. accessible

D. inappropriate

2. The phrase “____ natives” refers to people who are familiar with computers and the Internet from an early age.

A. device

B. portable

C. electronic

D. digital

3. Burning garbage _____ dangerous gases to the environment, and this may lead to global warming.

A. throws

B. sends

C.emits

D. rejects

4. Intensive pesticide and fertilizer sprays used in agriculture have resulted in the serious____of water, soil and land.

A. protection

B. pollution

C. deforestation

D. consumption

5. ________ is a term that refers to the existence of different kinds of animals and plants which make a balanced environment.

A. Wildlife

B. Biodiversity

C. Challenge

D. Investigation

6. The _________ rate of students in high schools is said to increases sharply this year.

A. equality

B. gender

C. discrimination

D. enrolment

7. A man who is getting married or about to get married is a__________.

A. bride

B. bridegroom

C. bridesmaid

D. best man

8. A______ is a ceremony at which two people are married to each other.

A. reception

B. banquet

C. wedding

D. proposal

9. The bride may have one or more __who keep the bride calm, help her get ready and look after her dress.

A. bridegrooms

B. bridesmaids

C. best men

D. fiancé

10. Digital lessons are available in a variety of webpages and they can be freely ____and stored in your computers.

A. uploaded

B. downloaded

C. printed

D. distracted

11. Personal electronic devices which ______students from their class work are banned in most schools.

A. benefit

B. protect

C. distract

D. submit

12. Thanks to the Internet, students can look _______new words in online dictionaries.

A. in

B. on

C. at

D. up

13. Her parents were delighted that their daughter was engaged ____such a nice young man.

A. with

B. for

C. to

D. at

15. Jack and Linda ______ last week. They just weren’t happy together.

A. broke up

B. broke into

C. finished off

D. ended up

16. We must solve the problem of air pollution immediately for the ___ of the people living in this place.

A. role

B. side

C. sake

D. ritual

17. Now, if you’d all please raise your glasses, I’d like to make a ________ to the bride and groom.

A. toast

B. heat

C. roast

D. bake

18. The car owner sued the truck driver _________ the damage he caused to her car in the accident.

A. about

B. on

C. to

D. for

19. Non-renewable energy sources are running ____.

A. up

B. on

C. to

D. out

20. What do you think could be the negative effects of __________ computers ?

A. overlooking

B. overtaking

C. overusing

D. overeating

21. He's ________ with the president and may soon be fired.

A. in favor of

B. out of favor

C. do a favor

D. in his favor

22. We should develop such ____ sources of energy as solar energy and nuclear energy.

A. tradition

B. alternative

C. revolutionary

D. surprising

23. _________ are the standards and expectations to which women and men generally conform.

A. Social problems

B. Shabby manners

C. Gender norms

D. Ill omens

24. Those smart phones are selling like_. If you want one, you’d better buy one now before they’re all gone.

A. hotdogs

B. fresh bread

C. hot cakes

D. fresh shrimps

25. “What’s the matter? You don’t look very well.” – “I feel a little __________.”

A. under the weather

B. out of the blue

C. out of order

D. down to earth

26. Lily: “I’m sorry. I can’t be of more help in this matter”.

–Tuan: “ ....................................................”

A. Yes, the matter is helpless

B. That’s fine. I understand

C. You are welcome

D. That’s a problem

27. Davis: - I reckon that preserving the environment is the responsibility of every individual.

Mai: “- _______________ . Everyone should do something to protect the earth - our common home.”

A. I see things differently

B. I’ll say the opposite

C. There is no room for doubt

D. That’s not always the case

28. Would you mind turning your stereo down ? - .........................................

A. Not at all

B. I’d be glad to

C. Yes, I’ll do it now

D. Sorry. I didn’t mean it

29. Marry: “ Do you fancy black coffee or white coffee?”

- John: “................................................”

A. Let me make you a hot cup

B. Never mind

C. It’s all the same to me

D. It’s my cup of tea

30. Kara: “Do you want to book an eco tour or a camping safari?”

- Bella: “.............................”

A. Yes, I want a book about eco tours

B. An eco tour sounds more interesting to me

C. No, I do not like a camping safari

D. I couldn’t agree more

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the words/phrases that are CLOSEST in meaning to the underlined words/phrases.

31. A computer or laptop can be your powerful weapon and you can take advantage of the Internet your study.

A. take notice of

B. have benefits of

C. take benefits of

D. make use of

32. “Edwards seems like a dog with two tails this morning”. “Haven’t you heard the news? His wife gave birth to a baby boy early this morning.”

A. extremely happy

B. extremely dazed

C. very exhausted

D. very proud

33. Discharging chemical pollutants into the environment is a cruel action to the environment as well as the future generation.

A. Releasing

B. Filling

C. Making

D. Adding

34. The area is roped off because the water is seriously polluted.

A. contaminated

B. disappeared

C. purified

D. endangered

35. The environmental habitat of some rare animals is being threatened.

A. aware

B. endangered

C. dangerous

D. share

36. Many species of fauna and flora in this national park is being in danger.

A. sauna

B. coral

C. animals

D. coastal

37. Water pollution is a result of dumping pollutants such as detergents, pesticides, oil and other chemicals in rivers.

A. contaminants

B. sewage

C. insecticides

D. substances

38. In Vietnam, people often choose a favorable day for their important occasions.

A. beautiful

B. suitable

C. acceptable

D. fair weathered

39. When do you intend to tie the knot with your Japanese girl?

A. break up

B. fall in love

C. get married

D. live under the same roof

40. After the wedding ceremony, there is usually a reception for the guests.

A. proposal ceremony

B. engagement ceremony

C. formal party

D. festival

Grammar: Choose the best answer among A, B, C or D that best completes each sentence.

1. ______ we to live in the country we wouldn’t mind having children.

A. If B. Were C. Should D. Had

2. This is a rare opportunity_______ you should take advantage to get a better job.

A. to which B. for which C. of which D. on which

3. _______________ if you want to see the manager.

A. You make an appointment

B. Make an appointment

C. You would make an appointment

D. Should you make an appointment

4. The economic conditions today are __________ than they were in the past.

A. much more good B. far better C. more better D. the best

5. This tablet is more modern, but it costs________ the other one.

A. as twice much as B. twice as much as

C. two times much as D. two times as more than

6. She reminded me to come on time for the party ________.

A. tomorrow evening

B. the day after tomorrow

C. in two days’ time

D. next weekend

7. He asked me why _________to the meeting.

A. didn’t I come

B. don’t I come

C. you didn’t come

D. I hadn’t come

8. The United States consists of fifty states, ________ has its own government.

A. they each B. each of them C. each of which D. each of that

9. We are talking about the writer ________ latest book is one of the best-sellers this year.

A. who B. whose C. which D. whom

10. Gender equality _____ without the support of the government, organization, and individuals.

A. Mustn’t be achieved

B. needn’t be achieved

C. shouldn’t be achieved

D. cannot be achieved

VOCABULARY AND GRAMMAR

Vocabulary: Choose the best answer among A, B, C or D that best completes each sentence.

1 - A; 2 - D; 3 - C; 4 - B; 5 - B;

6 - D; 7 - B; 8 - C; 9 - B; 10 - B;

11 - C; 12 - D; 13 - C; 15 - A; 16 - C;

17 - A; 18 - D; 19 - D; 20 - C; 21 - B;

22 - B; 23 - C; 24 - C; 25 - A;

26 - B; 27 - C; 28 - A; 29 - C; 30 - B;

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the words/phrases that are CLOSEST in meaning
to the underlined words/phrases.

31 - D; 32 - A; 33 - A; 34 - A; 35 - B;

36 - C; 37 - A; 38 - B; 39 - C; 40 - C;

Grammar: Choose the best answer among A, B, C or D that best completes each sentence

1 - B; 2 - C; 3 - B; 4 - B; 5 - B;

6 - C; 7 - D; 8 - C; 9 - B; 10 - D;

11 - B; 12 - B; 13 - B; 14 - C; 14 - A;

15 - C; 16 - A; 17 - B; 18 - C; 19 - B; 20 - C;

21 - C; 22 - C; 23 - C; 24 - D; 26 - B;

27 - D; 28 - A; 29 - B; 30 - A;

ERROR IDENTIFICATION: Choose the underlined part that needs correction

1 - D; 2 - B; 3 - B; 4 - C; 5 - C;

6 - B; 7 - B; 8 - C; 9 - C; 10 - C;

11 - A; 12 - C; 13 - B; 14 - A; 15 - B;

16 - D; 17 - C; 18 - D; 19 - A; 20 - C;

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