Phân biệt thì hiện tại hoàn thành và quá khứ đơn trong Tiếng Anh

PHÂN BIỆT THÌ HIỆN TẠI HOÀN THÀNH VÀ QUÁ KHỨ ĐƠN

TRONG TIẾNG ANH

a. Hiện tại hoàn thành

- Khẳng định: S + have (’ve)/has (’s) + VPII ….

- Phủ định: S + have not (haven’t)/has not (hasn’t) + VPII ….

- Nghi vấn: Have/Has + S + VPII …?

b. Quá khứ đơn

- Khẳng định: S + Vpast tense ….

- Phủ định: S + did not (didn’t) + V ….

- Nghi vấn: Did + S + V …?

a. Hiện tại hoàn thành

- already (đã ...rồi)

Ex: I have already cooked dinner. (Tôi đã nấu bữa tối rồi.)

- yet (chưa)

Ex: Have you spoken to him yet? (Bạn đã nói chuyện với anh ấy chưa?)

- just (vừa mới)

Ex: He’s just finished his homework. (Anh ấy vừa mới hoàn thành bài tập về nhà của anh ấy.)

- recently (gần đây)

Ex: He has bought a new car recently. (Gần đây anh ấy mua một chiếc xe hơi mới.)

- ever (đã từng)

Ex: Have you ever visited Paris? (Bạn đã từng đến thăm Paris chưa?)

- never (chưa bao giờ)

Ex: I have never seen a lion. (Tôi chưa bao giờ nhìn thấy một con sư tử.)

- since (kể từ)

Ex: She’s been ill since Monday. (Cô ấy bị ốm từ hôm thứ Hai.)

- for (trong khoảng)

Ex: My daughter has been ill for two days. (Con gái của tôi bị ốm hai ngày rồi.)

b. Quá khứ đơn

- yesterday (hôm qua)

Ex: Yesterday I stayed at home. (Tôi ở nhà vào ngày hôm qua.)

- last … (last week, last month, last year, …) (... trước)

Ex: She got married last year. (Cô ấy kết hôn vào năm ngoái.)

- … ago (two years ago, centuries ago, …) (... trước)

Ex: I graduated from university three years ago. (Tôi tốt nghiệp đại học ba năm trước đây.)

- in + past time (in 1990, in the 19th century, …) (vào thời điểm ...)

Ex: He was born in 1995. (Anh ấy sinh năm 1995.)

a. Xét về thời điểm diễn ra của sự việc trong quá khứ

- Thì hiện tại hoàn thành diễn tả một hành động xảy ra và kết thúc tại một thời điểm không xác định trong quá khứ.

- Diễn tả một hành động xảy ra và kết thúc tại một thời điểm xác định trong quá khứ.

b. Xét về hành động trong quá khứ có hoặc không có liên quan đến hiện tại

- Thì hiện tại hoàn thành diễn tả hành động đã xảy ra và còn kết quả ở hiện tại

- Thì quá khứ đơn diễn tả hành động đã xảy ra và không còn kết quả ở hiện tại.

Exercise 1. Put the verb into correct form, present perfect or past simple.

1. It stopped raining for a while, but now it's raining again. (stop)

2. The town is very different now. It has changed a lot (change)

3. I did German at school but I ... most of it now (forget)

4. The police ... three people, but later they let them go (arrest).

5. What do you think of my English? Do you think it ... ? (improve)

6. A: Are you still reading the paper?

B: No, I ... with it.You can have it (finish)

7. I ... for a job as a tourist guide, but I wasn't successful. (apply)

8. Where's my bike? It ... outside the house, but it's not there now. (be)

9. Look! There's an ambulance over there. There ... an accident. (be)

10. A: Have you heard about Ben? He ... his arm. (break)

B: Really? How ... that ... ? (happen)

A: He ... off a ladder. (fall)

Exercise 2. Put the verb into correct form, present perfect or past simple.

1. I (not / work)……… today.

2. We (buy)..............a new lamp.

3. We (not / plan)..............our holiday yet.

4. Where (be / you) ?

5. He (write)..............five letters.

6. She (not / see)..............him for a long time.

7. (be / you)..............at school?

8. School (not / start)..............yet.

9. (speak / he)..............to his boss?

10. No, he (have / not)..............the time yet.

Exercise 3. Put the verb into correct form, present perfect or past simple.

1) I.........my Maths homework yesterday. (to do)

2).........Susan.........to England by plane? (to go)

3) They.........a farm two weeks ago. (to visit)

4) Jenny and Peggy.........their brother. (not/to help)

5) The children.........at home last weekend. (not/to be)

6) When.........you.........this wonderful skirt? (to design)

7) My mother.........into the van. (not/to crash)

8) The boys.........the mudguards of their bicycles. (to take off)

9).........you.........your aunt last week? (to phone)

10) He.........milk at school. (not/to drink)

Exercise 4. Choose the correct answer

1. I _______ a new dress yesterday.

A. buy

B. bought

C. have bought

2. They _____ their homework yet

A. have finished

B. haven’t finished

C. finished

3. I ________ TV last night.

A. didn’t watch

B. haven’t watched

C. hasn’t watched

4. She ____ married in 2018

A. have got

B. has got

C. got

5. He ______ to school last week. He was ill

A. hasn’t gone

B. went

C. didn’t go

6. We ____ the children’s toys yesterday.

A. found

B. find

C. have found

7. Helen has already ____ lunch.

A. have

B. has

C. had

8. I didn’t ______ breakfast yesterday.

A. have

B. had

C. has

9. Ben has just _____ a vase

A. break

B. broke

C. broken

Exercise 5. Put the verbs in bracket into the past simple or the present perfect

1. I ______ (not/play) tennis since I was at school but I _____ (be) very good at it back then.

2. A: ______ you ________ (choose) a dress for the party yet?

B: Yes, I ______ (buy) one yesterday.

3. I think our teacher ______ (forget) about the test! He ___________ (not/ say) anything about it in the last season!

4. A: ____________ (you/ sell) your house yet?

B: Yes, some people _______ (see) it last month and ________ (buy) it.

5. They __________ (lose) their cat. It ___________ (run) away last week.

Exercise 6. Fill in the gaps with “yet, ago, ever, last night, for or since”

1. My father went to Italy five days ______.

2. He has known her _______ 2001.

3. Have you _________ seen an elephant?

4. She hasn’t finished her work ________.

5. He has lived in Madrid _______ ten years.

6. We went to bed at 11 o’clock ________.

Exercise 7. Circle the correct item

1. Has Jack gone to school then/ yet?

2. Tonia has sent twenty invitations yesterday/ so far.

3. Tina took a test already/ three days ago.

4. I sent you an email two days already/ ago but you haven’t replied.

5. Helen has already/ yet had her breakfast.

Exercise 8. Put the verbs in brackets into the past simple or the present perfect

I (1) _____________ (be) a ski instructor for many years now. I (2) _______ (take up) the sport when I (3) _________ (be) at school. I still remember the first time I (4) ______ (try) to ski. I (5) _________ (slip) on the ice and (6) ________ (break) my ankle. Thankfully, I (7) _______ (not/ have) a serious accident since then. Last year, I (8) ______ (try) ice-skating for the very first time. I (9) ________ (slip) on the ice rink a couple of times since then but I (10) ________ (not/ break) anything. Two years ago, I (11) _______ (take) snowboarding lessons. I (12) _______ (not/ like) it because I (13) ____ (find) it a little dangerous. I (14) ________ (not/ play) ice - hockey yet. There’s a game tomorrow. I can’t wait to go!

Exercise 1

3. have forgotten

4. arrested

5. has improved

6. have finished

7. applied

8. was

9. has been

10. broke ... did happen ... fell

Exercise 2

1. I have not worked today.

2. We have bought a new lamp.

3. We have not planned our holiday yet.

4. Where have you been ?

5. He has written five letters.

6. She has not seen him for a long time.

7. Have you been at school?

8. School has not started yet.

9. Has he spoken to his boss?

10. No, he has not had the time yet.

Exercise 3

1. I did my Maths homework yesterday.

2. Did Susan go to England by plane?

3. They visited a farm two weeks ago.

4. Jenny and Peggy did not help their brother.

5. The children were not at home last weekend.

6. When did you design this wonderful skirt?

7. My mother did not crash into the van.

8. The boys took off the mudguards of their bicycles.

9. Did you phone your aunt last week?

10. He did not drink milk at school.

Exercise 4

1. B

2. B

3. A

4. C

5. C

6. A

7. C

8. A

9. C

Exercise 5

1.I __haven’t played____ (not/play) tennis since I was at school but I _was____ (be) very good at it back then.

2.A: __Have__ you __chosen______ (choose) a dress for the party yet?

B: Yes, I __bought____ (buy) one yesterday.

3.I think our teacher __has forgotten____ (forget) about the test! He _____didn’t say____ (not/ say) anything about it in the last season!

4.A: __Have you sold_____ (you/ sell) your house yet?

B: Yes, some people ___saw____ (see) it last month and ___bought_____ (buy) it.

5.They ____have lost______ (lose) their cat. It ____ran_____ (run) away last week.

Exercise 6

1.My father went to Italy five days __ago____.

2.He has known her ___since____ 2001.

3.Have you ____ever_____ seen an elephant?

4.She hasn’t finished her work ___yet_____.

5.He has lived in Madrid ___for____ ten years.

6.We went to bed at 11 o’clock ___last night_____.

Exercise 7

1. Has Jack gone to school yet?

2. Tonia has sent twenty invitations so far.

3. Tina took a test three days ago.

4. I sent you an email two days ago but you haven’t replied.

5. Helen has already had her breakfast.

Exercise 8

1. have been

2. took up

3. was

4. tried

5. slipped

6. broke

7. haven’t had

8. tried

9. have slipped

10. haven’t broken

11. took

12. didn’t like

13. found

14. haven’t played

---

Trên đây là toàn bộ nội dung của tài liệu Phân biệt thì hiện tại hoàn thành và quá khứ đơn trong Tiếng Anh. Để theo dõi nhiều tài liệu tham khảo hữu ích khác vui lòng đăng nhập vào hệ thống hoc247.net chọn chức năng xem online hoặc tải về máy!

Các em quan tâm có thể tham khảo tư liệu cùng chuyên mục:

• Cách làm bài tập viết lại câu điều kiện trong Tiếng Anh
• Cấu trúc However trong Tiếng Anh chính xác nhất

Chúc các em học tốt!