Tìm x, y biết x/5=y/4 và x^2-y^2=1

Bài 2:

Giải:

Đặt \(\frac{x}{5}=\frac{y}{4}=k\Rightarrow x=5k,y=4k\)

Ta có: \(x^2-y^2=1\)

\(\Rightarrow\left(5k\right)^2-\left(4k\right)^2=1\)

\(\Rightarrow5^2.k^2-4^2.k^2=1\)

\(\Rightarrow k^2\left(5^2-4^2\right)=1\)

\(\Rightarrow k^2.9=1\)

\(\Rightarrow k^2=\frac{1}{9}\)

\(\Rightarrow k=\pm\frac{1}{3}\)

+) \(k=\frac{1}{3}\Rightarrow x=\frac{5}{3};y=\frac{4}{3}\)

+) \(k=\frac{-1}{3}\Rightarrow x=\frac{-5}{3};y=\frac{-4}{3}\)

Vậy cặp số \(\left(x;y\right)\) là \(\left(\frac{5}{3};\frac{4}{3}\right);\left(\frac{-5}{3};\frac{-4}{3}\right)\)

Bài 3:

Giải:

Ta có: \(2a=3b\Rightarrow\frac{a}{3}=\frac{b}{2}\Rightarrow\frac{a}{21}=\frac{b}{14}\)

\(5b=7c\Rightarrow\frac{b}{7}=\frac{c}{5}\Rightarrow\frac{b}{21}=\frac{c}{15}\)

\(\Rightarrow\frac{a}{21}=\frac{b}{14}=\frac{c}{15}\)

...

Bài 4:

Giải:

Đặt \(\frac{a}{2}=\frac{b}{3}=\frac{c}{5}=k\)

\(\Rightarrow a=2k,b=3k,c=5k\)

Ta có: \(P=\frac{b+c-a}{a-b+c}=\frac{3k+5k-2k}{2k-3k+5k}=\frac{\left(3+5-2\right)k}{\left(2-3+5\right)k}=\frac{6}{4}=\frac{3}{2}\)

Vậy \(P=\frac{3}{2}\)