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  • Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 28 to  35.

    Garbage cans are not magical portals. Trash does not disappear when you toss it in a can. Yet, the average American throws away an estimated 1,600 pounds of waste each year. If there are no magic garbage fairies, where does all that trash go? There are four methods to managing  waste:

    Recycling, landfilling, composting, and incinerating. Each method has its strengths and weaknesses. Let’s take a quick look at  each.

    Recycling is the process of turning waste into new materials. For example, used paper can be turned into paperboard, which can be used to make book covers. Recycling can reduce pollution,  save materials, and lower energy use. Yet, some argue that recycling wastes energy. They believe   that collecting, processing, and converti g waste uses more energy than it saves. Still, most people     agree that recycling is better for the  planet

    than landfilling.

    Landfilling is the oldest method of managing waste. In its simplest form, landfilling is when  people bury garbage in a hole. Over time the practice of landfilling has advanced. Garbage is compacted before it is thrown into the hole. In this way more garbage can fit in each landfill. Large  liners are placed in the bottom of landfills so that toxic garbage juice doesn't get into  the  ground water. Sadly, these liners don't always work. Landfills may pollute the local water supply. Not  to mention that all of that garbage stinks. Nobody wants to live next to a landfill. This makes it hard to find new locations for landfills.

    Compositing is when people pile up organic matter, such as food waste, and allow it to  decompose. The product of this decomposition is  compost. Compost can be  added to  the soil to  make the soil richer and better for growing crops. While composting is easy to do onsite somewhere, like home or school, it's hard to do after the garbage gets all mixed up. This is because  plastic and other inorganic materials must be removed from the compost pile or they will pollute the   soil. There's a lot of plastic in garbage, which makes it hard to compost on a large scale.

    One thing that is easier to do is burning garbage. There are two main ways to incinerate waste. The first is to create or harvest a fuel from the waste, such as methane gas, and burn the fuel. The second is to burn the waste directly. The heat from the  incineration process can boil  water, which can power  steam generators. Unfortunately, burning garbage pollutes the air. Also, some critics worry that incinerators destroy valuable resources that could be  recycled.

    Usually, the community in which you live manages waste. Once you put your garbage in that can, what happens to it is beyond your control. But you can make choices while it is still in your possession. You can choose to recycle, you can choose to compost, or you can choose to let someone else deal with    it. The choice is yours.

    Câu hỏi:

    Which of the following serves as the best title for this  passage?

    • A. 
      The Magic of Recycling: Bringing Back What Was Once Lost
    • B. 
      Recycling, Landfilling or Composing: Which is Best for You?
    • C. 
      Do Your Part How to Save the Earth by Recycling and Composting.
    • D. 
      Methods of Waste Management: Advantages and  Disadvantages

    Lời giải tham khảo:

    Đáp án đúng: D

    Dịch: Phương pháp quản lý chất thải: Ưu điểm và nhược điểm

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