Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions below.

Quite different from storm surges are the giant sea waves called tsunamis, which derive their name from the Japanese expression for “high water in a harbor.” These waves are also referred to by the general public as tidal waves, although they have relatively little to do with tides. Scientists often referred to them as seismic sea waves, far more appropriate in that they do result from undersea seismic activity. Tsunamis are caused when the sea bottom suddenly moves, during an underwater earthquake or volcano for example, and the water above the moving earth is suddenly displaced. This sudden shift of water sets off a series of waves. These waves can travel great distances at speeds close to 700 kilometers per hour. In the open ocean, tsunamis have little noticeable amplitude, often no more than one or two meters. It is when they hit the shallow waters near the coast that they increase in height, possibly up to 40 meters. Tsunamis often occur in the Pacific because the Pacific is an area of heavy seismic activity. Two areas of the Pacific well accustomed to the threat of tsunamis are Japan and Hawaii. Because the seismic activity that causes tsunamis in Japan often occurs on the ocean bottom quite close to the islands, the tsunamis that hit Japan often come with little warning and can, therefore, prove disastrous. Most of the tsunamis that hit the Hawaiian Islands, however, originate thousands of miles away near the coast of Alaska, so these tsunamis have a much greater distance to travel and the inhabitants of Hawaii generally have time for warning of their imminent arrival. Tsunamis are certainly not limited to Japan and Hawaii. In 1755, Europe experienced a calamitous tsunami, when movement along the fault lines near the Azores caused a massive tsunami to sweep onto the Portuguese coast and flood the heavily populated area around Lisbon. The greatest tsunami on record occurred on the other side of the world in 1883 when the Krakatoa volcano underwent a massive explosion, sending waves more than 30 meters high onto nearby Indonesian islands; the tsunami from this volcano actually traveled around the world and was witnessed as far away as the English Channel.

The paragraph preceding this passage most probably discusses _________ .

• A. tides
• B. storm surges
• C. tidal waves
• D. underwater earthquakes

• Câu 2: Mã câu hỏi: 38018

  According to the passage, all of the following are true about tidal waves EXCEPT that _____ .

  • A. they are caused by sudden changes in high and low tides
  • B. this terminology is not used by the scientific community
  • C. they are the same as tsunamis
  • D. they refer to the same phenomenon as seismic sea waves

• Câu 3: Mã câu hỏi: 38019

  The word “displaced” is closest in meaning to _________ .

  • A. not pleased 
  • B. located
  • C. moved
  • D. filtered

• Câu 4: Mã câu hỏi: 38020

  It can be inferred from the passage that tsunamis ________ .

  • A. are often identified by ships on the ocean
  • B. generally reach heights greater than 40 meters 
  • C. are far more dangerous on the coast than in the open ocean
  • D. cause severe damage in the middle of the ocean

• Câu 5: Mã câu hỏi: 38021

  A main difference between tsunamis in Japan and in Hawaii is that tsunamis in Japan are more likely to _________ .

  • A. come from greater distances
  • B. originate in Alaska
  • C. arrive without warning
  • D. be less of a problem

• Câu 6: Mã câu hỏi: 38022

  A “calamitous” tsunami is one that is _________ .

  • A. disastrous
  • B. expected
  • C. extremely calm
  • D. at fault

• Câu 7: Mã câu hỏi: 38023

  From the expression “on record”, it can be inferred that the tsunami that accompanied the Krakatoa volcano ___________ .

  • A. was filmed as it was happening
  • B. occurred before efficient records were kept
  • C. was not as strong as the tsunami in Lisbon
  • D. might not be the greatest tsunami ever 

• Câu 8: Mã câu hỏi: 38024

  The passage suggests that the tsunami resulting from the Krakatoa volcano ___________.

  • A. was unobserved outside of the Indonesian islands
  • B. resulted in little damage
  • C. was far more destructive close to the source than far away
  • D. caused volcanic explosions in the English Channel