Tài liệu Tổng hợp cấu trúc so sánh trong Tiếng Anh được HOC247 biên tập và tổng hợp và giới thiệu đến các em học sinh lớp 11, với phần hệ thống cấu trúc thường gặp và bài tập vận dụng kèm đáp án, giúp các em rèn luyện ôn tập chuẩn bị cho kì thi sắp tới. Hi vọng tài liệu này sẽ có ích cho các em, chúc các em có kết quả học tập tốt!
TỔNG HỢP CẤU TRÚC SO SÁNH TRONG TIẾNG ANH
1. 51 cấu trúc thường gặp
1/ Cấu trúc: S + V + (not) enough + noun + (for sb) to do st = (không) đủ cái gì để (cho ai) làm gì.
(He doesn’t have enough qualification to work here).
2 / Cấu trúc: S + V + (not) adj/adv + enough + (for sb) to do st = cái gì đó (không) đủ để (cho ai) làm gì.
(He doesn’t study hard enough to pass the exam).
3/ Cấu trúc: S + V + too + adj/adv + (for sb) to do st = cái gì quá đến nổi làm sao để cho ai đấy làm gì.
(He ran too fast for me to catch up with).
4/ Cấu trúc: Clause + so that + clause = để mà
(He studied very hard so that he could pas the test).
5/ Cấu trúc: S + V + so + adj/adv + that S + V = cái gì đó quá làm sao đến nỗi mà …
(The film was so boring that he fell asleep in the middle of it)
6/ Cấu trúc: It + V + such + [a(n)] adj noun + that S +V = cái gì đó quá làm sao đến nỗi mà …
(It was such a borring film that he fell asleep in the middle of it)
7/ Cấu trúc: If + S + present simple + S +will/can/may + V simple :câu điều kiện loại 1 = điều kiện có thật ở tương lai
(If you lie in the sun too long, you will get sunburnt).
8/ Cấu trúc: If + S + past simple + S + would + V simple: Câu điều kiện loại 2 = miêu tả cái không có thực hoặc tưởng tượng ra
(If I won the competition, I would spend it all).
9/ Cấu trúc: If + S + past perfect + S + would + have past participle:câu điều kiện loại 3 = miêu tả cái không xảy ra hoặc tưởng tượng xảy ra trong quá khứ
(If I’d worked harder, I would have passed the exam)
10/ Cấu trúc: Unless + positive = If … not = trừ phi, nếu không
(You will be late unless you start at one)
11/ Cấu trúc: S + used to + do = chỉ thói quen, hành động trong quá khứ
(He used to smoke, but he gave up five months ago) – used ở đây như một động từ quá khứ.
12/ Cấu trúc: S + be + used/accustomed to + doing = quen với việc …
(I am used to eating at 7:00 PM)
13/ Cấu trúc: S + get + used to + doing = trở nên quen với việc …
(We got used to American food).
14/ Cấu trúc: would rather do…….than ..….= thích cái gì (làm gì ) hơn cái gì (làm gì)
(We would rather die in freedom than lie in slavery)
15/ Cấu trúc: prefer doing/ noun……..to ..…= thích cái gì (làm gì ) hơn cái gì (làm gì)
(I prefer drinking Coca to drinking Pepsi).
16/ Cấu trúc: would + like (care/hate/prefer) + to do = tạo lời mời hoặc ý muốn gì
(Would you like to dance with me)
17/ Cấu trúc: like + V_ing = diễn đạt sở thích (He like reading novel) like + to do = diễn đạt thói quen, sự lựa chọn,hoặc với nghĩa cho là đúng.
(When making tea, he usually likes to put sugar and a slice of lemon in fisrt)
18/ Cấu trúc: S + should/had better/ought to/ be supposed to + do = ai đó nên làmgì.
(He should study tonight, He had better study tonight, He is supposed to study tonight).
19/ Cấu trúc : Could, may, might + have + P2 = có lẽ đã
(It may have rained last night, but I’m not sure)
20/ Cấu trúc : Should + have + P2 = lẽ ra phải, lẽ ra nên
(Tom should have gone to office this morning).
22/ Cấu trúc : because + S + V :
(Tai was worried because it had started to rain.) …
because of/ due to/ + Noun :
(Tai was worried because of the rain).
23/ Cấu trúc : Although/ Even though/ though + Clause = mặc dù
(Jane will be admitted to the university although her has bad grades).
24/ Cấu trúc : Although/ Even though/ though + Clause = mặc dù
(Jane will be admitted to the university although her has bad grades.)
25/ Cấu trúc : to be made of = consist of = được làm bằng – đề cập đến chất liệu làm vật
(This table is made of wood)
26/ Cấu trúc : to be made from = được làm từ – đề cập đến ngvật liệu bị biến đổi khỏi trạng thái ban đầu .
(Paper is made from wood)
27/ Cấu trúc : to be made out of = được làm bằng – đề cập đến quá trình làm ra vật .
( This cake was made out of flour, butter, sugar, eggs and milk)
28/ Cấu trúc : to have sb do sth = to get sb to do sth = sai ai, bảo ai làm gì
(I’ll have Vinh fix my car)
( I’ll get Vinh to fix my car)
29/ Cấu trúc : to have sb do sth = to get sb to do sth = sai ai, bảo ai làm gì
(I’ll have Vinh fix my car)
(I’ll get Vinh to fix my car)
30/ Cấu trúc: to have / to get sth done = làm gì bằng cách thuê người khác
(I have my car washed )
31/ Cấu trúc : to make sb do sth = to force sb to do sth = Bắt buộc ai làm gì
(The bank robbers make the maneger give them all the money )
32/ Cấu trúc : to make sb P2 = làm cho ai bị làm sao
(Working all night on Friday made me tired on Saturday ).
33/ Cấu trúc : to cause sth P2 = làm cho cái gì bị làm sao
( The big thunder storm caused waterfront houses damaged ).
34/ Cấu trúc : to let sb do sth = to permit/allow sb to do sth = để cho ai , cho phép ai làm gì
(I let me go ) .
35/ Cấu trúc : S + V + as + { adj/adv} + as + {noun/pronoun} = so sánh ngang bằng 1
(My book is as interesting as your) , ( Vinh sings as well as I “ không phải là me”)
36/ Cấu trúc : S + short {adj/ adv}_ er + than + {noun/pronoun} = so sánh hơn 1
( My grades are higher than Vinh’s).
37/ Cấu trúc : S + short {adj/ adv}_ er + than + {noun/pronoun} = so sánh hơn 1
(My grades are higher than Vinh’s).
38/ Cấu trúc : S + more + long {adj/ adv} + than + {noun/pronoun} = so sánh hơn 2
(He speaks English more fluently than I ).
39/ Cấu trúc : S + less + {adj/ adv} + than + {noun/pronoun} = so sánh kém
(He visits his family less frequently than she does).
40/ Cấu trúc : S + V + the + short {adj/ adv}_ est + { in + singular count noun/ of +plural count noun} = so sánh bậc nhất 1
(Tom is the tallest in the family).
41/ Cấu trúc : S + V + the + most +long {adj/ adv} + { in + singular count noun/ of+plural count noun} = so sánh bậc nhất 2
(This shoes is the most expensive of all)
42/ Cấu trúc : S + V + the + least +long {adj/ adv} + { in + singular count noun/ of + plural count noun} = so sánh bậc nhất 3
(This shoes is the least expensive of all)
43/ Cấu trúc : S + V + number multiple + as + {much/many} + (noun) + as + {noun/ pronoun}= so sánh bội số “gấp 2,gấp 3…”
(This pen costs twice as much as the other one)
44/ Cấu trúc : The + comparative + S + V + the + comparative + S + V = so sánh kép
(The more you study, the smatter you will become).
45/ Cấu trúc : No sooner + auxiliary + S + V + than + S + V = vừa mới ….thì đã…
(No sooner had we started out for Obama than it started to rain).
46/ Cấu trúc S + need + to V/ V_ing “ toV khi S là vật thể sống ,V_ing khi S không là vật thể sống”
(The grass needs cutting)
(I need to learn Eng lish)
47/ Cấu trúc : …V1 + to + V2 : trong đó V1 là { agree, expect, hope, learn, refuse, want, demand, forget, attempt, offer, seem, fail, desire, plan, prepare).
48/ Cấu trúc : …V1 + V2 _ing… : trong đó V1 là {admit, avoid, delay, deny, resist, postpone, miss, finish, enjoy, suggest, mind, recall, risk, resume, quit, consider).
49/ Cấu trúc: S + wish + (that) + S + { could V/ would V/ were V_ing} + …= ước ở tương lai ( We wish that you could come to the party to night.)
50/ Cấu trúc: S + wish + (that) + S + { could V/ would V/ were V_ing} + …= ước ở tương lai ( We wish that you could come to the party to night.)
51/ Cấu trúc: S + wish + (that) + S + {past perfect/could have P2}….= ước ở quá khứ
(I wish that I had washed the clothes yesterday).
Danh Động Từ – Gerund (Có nghĩa là Động từ thêm -ing)
2. Bài tập
2.1. Exercise 1: Choose the best answer
1. As she did so, her parents became _______.
a. the angriest b. the most angry
c. the more angry d. angrier and angrier
2. People should eat ____ and do ____ to reduce the risk of heart disease.
a. less fat/ more exercise b. less and less fat/ the more exercise
c. the less fat/ the more exercise d. fatter/ more exercise
3. He spent a year in India and loves spicy food. _______ the food is, _______ he likes it.
a. The hotter/ the more and more b. The hotter/ the more
c. The more and more hot/ the more d. The hottest/ the most
4. Of course you can come to the party. _______.
a. The more the merrier b. The more and the merrier
c. The more and merrier d. The more and more merrier
5. I feel _______ I did yesterday.
a. much more tired than b. many more tired than
c. as many tired as d. as more tired as
6. She is _______ a spectator.
a. more an athlete than b. more of an athlete than
c. an athlete more than d. an athlete of more than
7. His house is _______ mine.
a. twice as big as b. as twice big as
c. as two times big as d. as big as twice
8. ____ live in Ho Chi Minh City than in the whole of the rest of the country.
a. As much as people b. More people
c. As many as people d. People more
9. It gets _______ to understand what the professor has explained.
a. the more difficult b. more difficult than
c. difficult more and more d. more and more difficult
10. You must drive slower in built up areas. _______ you drive in the city, it is _______ that you will have an accident.
a. The faster and faster/ the more
b. The faster/ the more probable
c. The more and more fast/ the more and more probable
d. The more fastly/ the probable
2.2. Exercise 2: Choose the best answer
1. The party was _______ I had expected.
a. more a hundred times funny than b. a hundred times funny more than
c. a hundred times funnier than d a hundred times more funny than
2. He finds physics _______ other science subjects.
a. far more difficult than b. many more difficult than
c. too much more difficult than d. more much difficult than
3. _______ he drank, _______ he became.
a. More/ more violent b. The most/ the most violent
c. The more/ the more violent d. The less/ less violent
4. Mary was _______ of the two sisters.
a. the clever b. as clever as c. the cleverer d. the cleverest
5. French is a _______ language to learn than English is.
a. difficult b. more difficult
c. most difficult d. more and more difficult
6. The cuisine of France is _______.
a. more famous than that of England b. famous than the cuisine of England
c. more famous than which of England d. as famous than that of England
7. Earning money has always been the thing that pleases him most. _______ he becomes, he is.
a. The more rich/ the more happy b. The richest/ the happiest
c. The richer/ the happier d. Richer and richer/ happier and happier
8. The fast we finish, _______.
a. the sooner we can leave b. we can leave sooner and sooner
c. the sooner can we leave d. we can leave the sooner
9. Of all athletes, Alex is _______.
a. the less qualified b. the less and less qualified
c. the more and more qualified d. the least qualified,
10. The climber was seventy miles in the wrong direction and got _______.
a. more panicked b. the more panicked
c. more than panicked d. more and more panicked
2.3. Exercise 3: Choose the best answer
1. _______ you study for these exams, _______ you will do.
a. The harder/ the better b. The more/ the much
c. The hardest/ the best d. The more hard/ the more good,
2. My neighbor is driving me mad! It seems that _______ it is at night, _______ he plays his music!
a. the less/ the more loud b. the less/ less
c. the more late/ the more loudlier d. the later/ the louder
3. Thanks to the progress of science and technology, our lives have become _______.
a. more and more good b. better and better
c. the more and more good d. gooder and gooder
4. The Sears Tower is _______ building in Chicago.
a. taller b. the more tall c. the tallest d. taller and taller
5. Petrol is _______ it used to.
a. twice as expensive as b. twice expensive more than
c. twice more than expensive d. more expensive than twice
6. Peter is _______ John.
a. younger and more intelligent than
b. more young and intelligent than
c. more intelligent and younger than
d. the more intelligent and younger than
7. San Diego is the ……………..town in Southern California.
a. more nice and nice b. the nicest c. nicest d. nicer and nicer
8. It gets _______ when the winter is coming.
a. cold and cold b. the coldest and coldest
c. colder and colder d. more and more cold
9. Robert does not have _______ Peter does.
a. money more than b. as many money as
c. more money as d. as much money as
10. The Mekong Delta is _______ deltas in Vietnam.
a. the largest of the two b. the more larger of the two
c. one of the two largest d. one of the two larger
2.4. Exercise 4: Use double comparartive to complete these following sentences
1. They are big, they fall fast.
The ______________________________________________________
2. It is hot, I feel miserable.
The ______________________________________________________
3. I look into your eyes much, I love you much.
The ______________________________________________________
4. He got old, he became bad-tempered.
The ______________________________________________________
5- He worked hard. He felt very bad.
The ______________________________________________________
6- When we think of the exam, we get more and more excited.
The ______________________________________________________
7- As this road gets busier, it becomes more and more dangerous.
The ______________________________________________________
8- When you get near to the Equator, the temperature becomes high.
The ______________________________________________________
9- If she stays in England a long time, her English will be very good.
The ______________________________________________________
10- You write fast, your writing becomes illegible.
The ______________________________________________________
11. She is mature, she becomes beautiful.
The ______________________________________________________
12. He study much, he becames stupid.
The ______________________________________________________
13. He drinks much water, he becomes thirsty.
The ______________________________________________________
14. He is mature, he becomes intelligent
The ______________________________________________________
15. You speak English much, your English will be good.
The ______________________________________________________
16. People save much paper, much wood pulp is preserved
The ______________________________________________________
17. We make much paper, it becomes cheap.
The ______________________________________________________
18. Petrol becomes expensive, people drive little.
The ______________________________________________________
19. You make much money, you spend much.
The ______________________________________________________
20. You work hard, you will get good results.
The ______________________________________________________
21. You learn with him much, you will know him well.
The ______________________________________________________
22. Many people live in this city, they need many services.
The ______________________________________________________
23. You do much exercise, you are fit.
The ______________________________________________________
24. He wrote much, his writing becomes good.
The ______________________________________________________
25. They use much wood pulp, they cut many trees.
The ______________________________________________________
26. They travel much, they know about the world good.
The ______________________________________________________
27. Jack eats much, he becomes fat.
The ______________________________________________________
28. We start late, we get into many traffic jams.
The ______________________________________________________
29. We breathe much polluted air, we will get weak.
The ______________________________________________________
30. Means of transport are cheap, they become popular.
The ______________________________________________________
31. She studies hard, she will get good grades.
The ______________________________________________________
32. You rest much, you will feel better.
The ______________________________________________________
33. The weather is warmer, I feel better.
The ______________________________________________________
34. We leave early, we will arrive soon.
The ______________________________________________________
35. We have much knowledge, we become wise.
The ______________________________________________________
36. You are young, you learn easily.
The ______________________________________________________
37. the hotel is expensive, the services are good.
The ______________________________________________________
38. You use much electricity, your bill will be high.
The ______________________________________________________
39. I thought about the plan, I like it little.
The ______________________________________________________
40. He is old, he learns slowly.
The ______________________________________________________
41. She eats much, she will become fat
The ______________________________________________________
42. She is older, she becomes more beautiful
The ______________________________________________________
43. You have much, you want more
The ______________________________________________________
44. I waited long. I got angry
The ______________________________________________________
45. I live far. I feel homesick
The ______________________________________________________
46. He got old. He became quiet
The ______________________________________________________
47. he drove fast. I became nervous
The ______________________________________________________
48. A flat is big. The rent is high
The ______________________________________________________
49. The sun is high, the shadow is low.
The ______________________________________________________
50. I study much, I know lots of.
The ______________________________________________________
51. I know alot, I forget much.
The ______________________________________________________
52. I forget much , I know little.
The ______________________________________________________
3. Đáp án
Exercise 1:
1D 2A 3B 4A 5A 6B 7A 8B 9D 10B
Exercise 2:
1C 2A 3C 4C 5B 6A 7C 8A 9D 10D
Exercise 3:
1A 2D 3B 4C 5A 6A 7C 8C 9D 10C
Exercise 4:
1. The bigger they are, the faster they fall.
2. The hotter it is, the more miserable I feel
3. The more I look into your eyes, the more I love you.
4. The older he got, the more bad-temper he became.
5- The harder he worked , the worse he felt .
6- The more we think of the exam, the more excited we get
7- The busier this road gets, the more dangerous it becomes
8- The nearer you get to the equator, the higherthe temperature becomes.
9- The longer she stays in England , the better her English will be
10- The faster you write, the more illegible your writing becomes
12. the more he study, the more stupid he becames.
11. The more mature she is, the more beautiful she becomes.
13. The more water he drinks, The thirstier he becomes.
14. The more mature he is, the more intelligent he becomes
15. The more you speak English, the better your English will be.
16. The more paper people save , the more wood pulp is preserved
17. The more paper we make, the cheaper it becomes.
18. The more expensive petrol becomes, the less people drive.
19. The more money you make, the more you spend.
20. The harder you work, the better results you will get.
21. The more I learn with him, the better you will know him .
22. The more people live in this city, the more services they need.
23. The more exercise you do, the fitter you are.
24. The more he wrote, the better his writing becomes.
25. The more wood pulp they use, the more trees they cut.
26. The more they travel,the better they know about the world.
27. The more Jack eat , the fatterhe becomes.
28. The later we start, the more traffic jams we get into.
29. The more polluted air we breathe, the weaker we will get.
30. The cheaper means of transport are, the more popular they become.
31. The harder she studies, the better grades she will get.
32. The more you rest, the better you will feel.
33. The warmer the weather is, the better I feel.
34. The earlier we leave, the sooner we will arrive.
35. The more knowledge we have, the wiser we become.
36. The younger you are, the more easily you learn.
37. The more expensive the hotel is, the better the services are.
38. The more electricity you use, the higher your bill will be.
39.The more I thought about the plan, the less I like it
40. The older he is , the slowlier he learns.
41. The more she eats, the fatter she will become
42. The older she is, The more beautiful she become
43. The more you have, the more you want
44. The longer I waited, the angrier I got
45. The farther I live, the more homesick I feel.
46. The older he got, the quieter he became
47. The faster she drove, the more nervous I became
48. The bigger a flat is, the higher the rent is.
49. The sun is high, the shadow is low.
50. The more I study, the more I know
51. The more I know, the more I forget
52. The more I forget, the less I know.
Trên đây là một phần trích đoạn nội dung Tổng hợp cấu trúc so sánh trong Tiếng Anh. Để xem thêm nhiều tài liệu tham khảo hữu ích khác các em chọn chức năng xem online hoặc đăng nhập vào trang hoc247.net để tải tài liệu về máy tính.
Hy vọng tài liệu này sẽ giúp các em học sinh ôn tập tốt và đạt thành tích cao trong học tập.
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