Câu hỏi trắc nghiệm (10 câu):
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Câu 1: Mã câu hỏi: 177504
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.
Researchers in the field of psychology have found that one of the best way to make an important decision, such as choosing a university to attend or business to invest in, involves the utilization of a decision worksheet. Psychologists who study optimization compare the actual decisions made by people to theretical ideal decisions to see how similar they are. Proponents of the worksheet procedure believe that it will yield optimal, that is, the best decisions. Although there are several variations on the exact format that worksheets cam take, they are all similar in their essential aspects.
Worksheets require defining the problem in a clear and concise way and then listing all possible solutions to the problem. Next, the pertinent considerations that all possible solutions to the problem. Next, the pertinent considerations that will be affected by each decision are listed, and the relative importance of each consideration or consequence is determined. Each consideration is assigned a numerical value to reflect its relative importance. A decision is mathematically calculated by adding these values together. The alternative with the highest number of points emerges as the best decision.
Since most important problems are multifaceted, there are several alternatives to choose from, each with unique advantages and disadvantages. One of the benefits of a pencil and paper decision-making procedure is that it permits people to deal with more variables than their minds can generally comprehend and remember. On the average, people can keep about seven ideas in their minds at once. A worksheet can be especially useful when the decision involves a large number of variables with complex relationships. A realistic example for many college students is the question "What will I do after graduation?" A graduate might seek a position that offers specialized training, pursue an advanced degree, or travel abroad for a year.
A decision-making worksheet begins with a succinct statement of the problem that will also help to narrow it. It is important to be clear about the distinction between long-range and immediate goals because long-range goals often involve a different decision than short-range ones. Focusing on long-range goals, a graduating student might revise the question above to "What will I do after graduation that will lead to a successful career?"
According to decision-worksheet theory, an optimal decision is defined as one that ................
- A. has the fewest variables to consider
- B. uses the most decision worksheet
- C. has the most points assigned to it
- D. is agreed to by the greatest number of people
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Câu 2: Mã câu hỏi: 177505
Which of the following terms is defined in the passage?
- A. Proponents (paragraph 1)
- B. Optimal (paragraph 1)
- C. Variables (paragrph 3)
- D. Long-range goals (paragraph 4)
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Câu 3: Mã câu hỏi: 177506
The word "essential" in paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to ..............
- A. introductory
- B. fundamental
- C. changeable
- D. beneficial
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Câu 4: Mã câu hỏi: 177508
The author states that "On the average, people can keep about seven ideas in their minds at once" (paragraph 3) to explain that ............
- A. people can learn to keep more than seven ideas in their minds with practice
- B. most decisions involve seven steps.
- C. human mental capacity has limitations.
- D. some people have difficulty making minor as well as major decisions.
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Câu 5: Mã câu hỏi: 177511
The word "it" in paragraph 4 refers to ...........
- A. worksheet
- B. problem
- C. distinction
- D. decision
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Câu 6: Mã câu hỏi: 177512
What does the passage mainly discuss?
- A. A comparison of actual decisions and ideal decisions.
- B. Research on how people make decisions.
- C. A tool to assist in making complex decisions.
- D. Differences between long-range and short-range decision making.
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Câu 7: Mã câu hỏi: 177514
Of the following steps, which occurs BEFORE the others in making a decision worksheet?
- A. Listing the consequences of each solution.
- B. Writing down all possible solutions.
- C. Deciding which consequences are most important.
- D. Calculating a numerical summary of each solution.
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Câu 8: Mã câu hỏi: 177521
Mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.
The mass media are ____ of communication, such as books, newspapers, recordings, radio, movies, television, mobile phones and the Internet.
- A. models
- B. means
- C. parts
- D. types
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Câu 9: Mã câu hỏi: 177522
TV companies ____ their programmes across the country or even across the world.
- A. broadcast
- B. refresh
- C. connect
- D. publish
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Câu 10: Mã câu hỏi: 177524
While a sports match has spectators and radio has listeners, television has ____.
- A. audience
- B. witnesses
- C. viewers
- D. commentators
